The Brazilian Supreme Federal Court (STF) has warned candidates using mass messaging during the 2022 election campaign may receive prison sentences.

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Mass messaging during campaigning processes is already banned in Brazil, but the controversy surrounding the 2018 presidential race, prompted the STF minister to reiterate the potential consequences to politicians using such methods in the upcoming race.

During an STF session that judged legal action that called for the cessation of current incumbent Jair Bolsonaro over accusations of mass messaging tactics during the 2018 elections, minister Alexandre de Moraes announced on Thursday (28) the Court "won't be caught by surprise again". Bolsonaro was absolved for lack of proof that his campaign used illegal tactics through platforms such as WhatsApp to attack his then opponent, Fernando Haddad.

Moraes, who will preside over the Supreme Electoral Court (TSE) from 2022, noted that the methods of groups behind mass messaging is now known, as well as ways to obtain proof in case of misconduct. He warned that "if there is a repetition of what was done in 2018, [politicians'] registrations will be revoked, and those who do so will go to jail for attacking Brazil's elections and democracy."

"We are not going to admit attempts from digital militias to destabilize the elections through spurious, undeclared funding", Moraes said. The minister noted that, even though Bolsonaro was absolved of wrongdoing through mass messaging during the elections for lack of sufficient evidence, the Court "knows what is going on" and "cannot allow the creation of a precedent", in terms of using digital channels to bombard voters with vitriolic content.

Moreover, Moraes cited reports from journalist Patr