Working from home has become a new norm for many. Enterprises are now embarking on hybrid working arrangements and that means home internet connections remain critical for people who need to hop on a Microsoft Teams or Zoom video call while the kids are attending virtual classes, playing Fortnite, or watching Netflix. 

Home broadband connections were put to the test during the initialCOVID-19 phase of pandemic lockdownsaround the globe as employees logged in, en masse, from managed and BYOD devices to their needed business applications, Microsoft 365, and Google Workspace over VPNs. 

Also:Internet slow? Here are 7 possible reasons why and how to fix them

Here are five broadband speed tests thatZDNetconsiders trustworthy. To get a true picture of your broadband speed, you'll likely need to run the tests multiple times and check results across different devices throughout the day. It may also be worth running these tests on multiple devices on your home network. If one device produces a vastly slowly or faster result, you may be dealing with a problem at the LAN or Wi-Fi level, rather than with your broadband provider's network. 

Ookla's Speedtest

Best internet speed test

Speedtest from Ookla, which also owns outage site, Downdetector, was one of the first broadband speed tests and offers a snapshot of download and upload speeds to an ISP via its website or a lightweight app for Windows 10 or macOS. It's also available in 17 languages, and if you set up an account, you can keep track of your speeds over time. 

The service displays the current download and upload speeds and measurements for 'ping', 'jitter', and packet loss. There are also options to change the local server that the ISP speed test is conducted with -- a configuration option that most other tests lack. Plus, results can be shared on social media.   

Ookla has some helpful explanatory notes for people who aren't familiar with the ping test. It's a latency test. Ookla says that less than 59 milliseconds (MS) ping is very good for online games. The FCC wants satellite broadband providers to deliver latency of below 100 ms to bid for a slice of its Rural Digital Opportunity Fund (RDOF). SpaceX says its Starlink satellites will provide a latency of 20ms to 40ms.   

Its website is useful for those who are curious enough to learn why a test on a mobile device returns a different result to a laptop or a device that's physically connected to a router.  

Each test taken with Speedtest uses Ookla's server network of over 14,000 servers and reports back on key network health metrics, Nick Turner, a technical trainer at Ookla, tells ZDNet. 

"There are Speedtest servers in virtually every country and major population center worldwide," Turner said.  

He argues that Ookla's distributed server network makes it more accurate than many other tests. 

"This enables us to more easily select 'nearby' servers or combinations of servers that are capable of delivering the sufficient bandwidth necessary to discover the most accurate maximum speeds to the device in question. Since our founding in 2006, an unparalleled total of more than 35 billion tests have been taken with Speedtest."

Pros

•    It's a general purpose broadband speed test in use since 2006
•    It's not from an ISP or a service provider 
•    Users can select the host server from which to test their ISP's speed test 

Cons

•    The site uses tech-lingo that some people might not understand 
•    It's full of ads and ad trackers 

View now at Oookla Speedtest

Netflix's Fast.com

Best for Netflix

Like other entries on this list, Netflix's Fast.com broadband speed is run by a company that has an interest in its customers having a fast enough connection to stream its content. 

That means there are none of the lingering questions about potential bias from speed tests run by ISPs. Plus, the tests are international, using servers where Netflix has installed appliances for its giant content delivery network (CDN).  

Netflix has a vast CDN called Netflix Open Connect, which relies on Open Connect appliances installed within ISPs that peer with Netflix. That CDN is built around the principle of moving content closer to users and is how it delivers a fast streaming experience. 

Hence, the Fast.com test is designed to test the connection between a person's device and Netflix's CDN servers. That means the results are specific to Netflix's own network, which makes sense for the company but also means it looks at speeds from a particular perspective.   

The Fast.com website keeps things simple by only showing the download speed. In my tests, it reported slower speeds than Oookla's Speedtest. And it produced wildly different results between wifi tests on a 2017 macOS MacBook Pro (160Mbps) and an iPhone 12 (330 Mbps), with both on a modern router's 5GHz frequency.

But on Fast.com, you don't even need to click 'Go'; just opening the site in a browser tab starts the test. There's also a "Show more" option, which provides latency speeds and upload speeds, as well as where the servers used in the test are located.  

Pros

•    It's designed to test the speed of your connection to Netflix's servers
•    There are no ads 
•    It's relevant to your connection wherever you're streaming Netflix from 

Cons

•    It's not really designed to test your ISP's connection speed 
•    Results are specific to Netflix infrastructure 
•    Only provides download speeds
  

View now at Netflix Fast.com

The Google speed test for Stadia online gaming

Best for a specific web application

The Google Stadia online gaming platform has hit a few bumps since launching in 2019, but it is a massive platform, and the company knows that consumer broadband speeds are critical for adoption.

Google recommends a download speed of no less than 10 Mbps to stream games on Stadia but recommends faster speeds for displays with a resolution higher than 720p HD. 

It teamed up with open source project Measurement Lab or M-Lab to run its speed test. The project is led by teams at Code for Science & Society and Google. 

The Google Stadia web interface is pretty simple -- literally a one-click task at Google's Projectstream website from the "Check Now" button. It's focused on Stadia users, and so, for accuracy, it recommends people use the device and network where they want to play and have a strong wi-fi or Ethernet connection. It also recommends halting current downloads and file-sharing and closing tabs that are streaming video. 

The measurement takes less than 30 seconds to complete and returns similar results to Ookla. At the least, it confirms whether you'll have a decent experience when gaming on Stadia.

However, as Google notes, the test only provides a general indication of the quality of a connection and does not guarantee Stadia will work. Other factors include the device, ISP, and other activities that are consuming bandwidth.

Pros

•    It's a general purpose broadband speed test based on a platform in use since 2006
•    It's not from an ISP or a service provider 
•    Users can select the host server from which to test their ISP's speed test 

Cons

•    It's primarily focused on Stadia, despite offering useful measurements for all 
  

View now at Stadia speed test

Comcast's Xfinity xFi speed test

Can you trust your ISP's speed test?

As a top US contender in the gigabit internet market,Comcast's Xfinity xFi broadband speed test is a popular choice for Americans. 

The speed test itself operates similarly to Google's speed test, but the site has some pointers for customers wanting to explore why the speed results might not match the user's plan. These are helpful, but I feel defensive as if they were written to help reduce customer support calls for why a broadband isn't as fast as advertised.    

On the other hand, it provides more context about factors that can affect the home connection, such as an old home gateway lowering available bandwidth. The result also explains what the device being tested can do, such as streaming 4K video. 

The site prioritizes download speeds but does have a "Show more" option to see upload speeds, latency, the internet protocol, and where the host server is located.    

Results may vary depending on where you're located, and the test is designed purely for American internet users.

For those worried about bias in Comcast's results, it's worth noting that our testing showed the site to produce results in line with or in excess of advertised speeds for Comcast's direct competitor, Verizon FiOS. 

Pros

•    The results are consistent with other speed tests
•    It's dead simple to use, and there are no ads 
•    Test servers are located in the US 

Cons

•    It is a test operated by an ISP 
•    The information it provides appears geared towards reducing support calls

View now at Xfinity xFi speed test

The FCC's Speed Test app

Best speed test app

The FCC in April launched the FCC Speed Test app. It's available as an Android app in the Google Play Store and an iOS app in Apple's App Store. 

That means you can't run the test from your desktop, but you are taking part in an important project for the commission to get a clearer picture of broadband quality across America. 

The test produces results once you press the button to start the test in the mobile app. The data collected is used to help the FCC improve its broadband maps. Under the Trump administration, Microsoft argued the FCC was severely overestimating how many residents had access to fast broadband. Microsoft's data suggested almost half of America's population did not have access to speeds of at least 25 Mpbs rather than the 24 million estimated in the FCC's maps. 

Data is shared with the FCC's Measuring Broadband America research program, an important national project that will help determine where funding is allocated in years to come. It's a case where broadband speed tests aren't just about your own connection speed but the state of broadband across the nation. 

"To close the gap between digital haves and have nots, we are working to build a comprehensive, user-friendly dataset on broadband availability," said FCC Chair Jessica Rosenworcel. 

"Expanding the base of consumers who use the FCC Speed Test app will enable us to provide improved coverage information to the public and add to the measurement tools we're developing to show where broadband is truly available throughout the United States."

Pros

• It helps a project to improve fast broadband access across the US
• There are no ads or direct commercial interests
• The FCC under the Biden Administration seems keen to look at the consumer rather than carrier interests  

Cons 

• It requires an app download, there is no web-based version
• There's no way to test broadband speeds from a desktop or Ethernet-connected PC

View now at FCC Speed Test app

What is the best internet speed test?

We found the best internet speed test is Ookla Speedtest. This broadband speed test is extremely user friendly and reliable with a total of more than 40 billion consumer-initiated tests conducted.

VPN	Price	Platform support	Web-based?
Ookla's Speedtest	Free	Windows and Mac	Yes, as well as app
Netflix's Fast.com	Free	Windows and Mac	Web only
Google speed test for Stadia	$9.99/month for Stadia membership	Windows	Web only
Comcast Xfinity xFI	Free	Windows and Mac	Web only
FCC speed test	Free	iOS and Android	App only

Which internet speed test is right for you?

Results can vary widely between broadband speed tests and day-to-day due to changing network conditions. ZDNetconsiders the five five broadband speed tests above to be reliable and trustworthy. But to get a true picture of your broadband speeds, try running multiple tests across multiple devices and at least two or three of the speed tests listed here. Taking an average of all of the results from these tests should produce the most accurate measurement possible for most home users. 

Choose this...	If you need...
Ookla's Speedtest	A well-rounded speed test for streaming, gaming, and mobile browsing
Netflix/s Fast.com	A test for video streaming speeds
Google speed test for Stadia	A test for online gaming speeds
Comcast Xfinity xFI	To double-check results against ISP tests
FCC's speed test app	A speed test for mobile browsing

How did we choose these internet speed tests?

ZDNet doesn't vouch for one test over another. As explained, there are multiple broadband speed tests and people should use at least a few of them to get the most holistic picture of their network's peformance. Some of them are designed to test a connection for a particular online service, such as Netflix or Stadia, while others can help customer dispute speed claims with ISPs, and the FCC's speed test might help fill broadband gaps in the community. 

All in all, the tests listed here are some of the most widely available and well-respected options on the Web. This doesn't mean that there aren't better solutions for your individual needs, but these five represent an excellent cross-section of choices for the widest possible array of users. 

Why do you need to check your internet speed?

Speed tests are useful to remote workers who might need to figure out whether a poor connection is due to the ISP or something else, such as a problematic home router, a Wi-Fi interference issue, or even the device they're testing from -- be it a laptop, desktop or a smartphone. The tests can also be handy when disputing an ISP's claimed speeds for a subscription, and just generally making sure you're receiving the service level you're paying for. 

For internet speed, how fast is fast enough?

The FCC currently considers 25Mbps to be a fast enough service for more than four users on a network, but many people will find this insufficient. Netflix considers 25Mbps adequate to stream a 4K video to a single device for what it's worth. However, most home networks have at least a few, if not numerous devices running at any given time. This means that if another user is eating into that 25Mbps speed, your streaming video quality will likely degrade. 

For more information, tools like BroadbandNow and advice from our sister site CNet can be helpful resources. 

Are there other internet speed tests worth considering?

OpenSignal, which Speedtest.net operator Ookla recently acquired, started out with mobile speed tests and regularly produces reports about 4G and 5G speed results around the world. It crowdsources its results and now also returns results for wifi speeds, but its focus is squarely on the mobile experience. 

OpenSignal for cellular networks

View now at Open Signal

Recommends

The 100+ best October Prime Day deals you can buy: Live updatesThe 5 best VPN services (and tips to choose the right one for you)The best Android phones you can buy (including a surprise pick)The best robot vacuum and mop combos (and if they're worth the money)

• The 100+ best October Prime Day deals you can buy: Live updates
• The 5 best VPN services (and tips to choose the right one for you)
• The best Android phones you can buy (including a surprise pick)
• The best robot vacuum and mop combos (and if they're worth the money)